Selection of shaft seal for slurry pump


Published:

Dec 13,2024

Choosing a reliable slurry pump for on-site operation requires not only selecting suitable materials for the flow components but also choosing the appropriate sealing method for the shaft seal. Based on the characteristics of the conveyed medium and the working conditions, it is essential to select a suitable sealing method for the slurry pump. This ensures the pump can operate reliably for a long time while also reducing economic investment losses. Each sealing method has its advantages and disadvantages, and considering various factors based on practical experience is necessary to maximize its value.

Selection of shaft seal for slurry pump

The shaft seals of slurry pumps are divided into three types: packing seals, auxiliary impeller seals, and mechanical seals, each with its own advantages and disadvantages.

(1) Packing Seal

Firstly, the packing seal is the most common type of seal. The packing added inside the packing box is in full contact with the shaft and continuously injects water under pressure into the packing to prevent the conveyed medium from leaking out, thus achieving the sealing purpose. The pressure of the sealing water must exceed the outlet pressure of the slurry pump.1.5 kg. When conveying corrosive materials, it may cause corrosion to the packing, so the disadvantage of this sealing form is that it cannot transport toxic or severely corrosive liquids. The packing shaft seal has a simple structure, is easy to maintain, and is inexpensive. This sealing method is widely used in mineral processing plants and coal washing plants.

(2) Auxiliary Impeller Seal

The auxiliary impeller seal of the slurry pump relies on the auxiliary impeller to generate a reverse centrifugal force to prevent the slurry from leaking out, thus achieving the sealing effect. The use of the auxiliary impeller seal requires that the back pressure of the slurry pump does not exceed the outlet pressure of the slurry pump.Single-stage pumps or the first stage of multi-stage series pumps with a back pressure of 15% can use the auxiliary impeller shaft seal. The auxiliary impeller shaft seal has advantages such as no need for sealing water, no dilution of the slurry, and good sealing effect. Therefore, this type of seal can be considered when dilution of the slurry is not allowed or when there is no flushing water available at the user's operation site.

(3)Mechanical Seal

The mechanical seal achieves the sealing purpose through the close contact of the dynamic ring and static ring along the axial direction with the help of springs. Mechanical seals are reliable and almost leak-proof, but care must be taken to protect the friction surfaces during installation to avoid wear. Mechanical seals are generally divided into single-end mechanical seals and double-end mechanical seals.

Common single-end mechanical seals are further divided into three types: non-water-injection mechanical seals, water-injection external flushing mechanical seals, and water-injection internal flushing mechanical seals. Non-water-injection mechanical seals do not require sealing water and are also known as dry mechanical seals; water-injection external flushing mechanical seals require sealing water, with a sealing water pressure of1.5 kg, also known as external flushing mechanical seals; water-injection internal flushing mechanical seals require sealing water, with the sealing water pressure needing to exceed the outlet pressure of the slurry pump by 1.5 kg, also known as internal flushing mechanical seals. It is recommended to generally use a flushing liquid that does not dilute the slurry or is mutually soluble without affecting the characteristics of the slurry for internal flushing mechanical seals.

Double-end seals require a flushing plan to lubricate the second mechanical seal. Slurry pumps generally use an external flushing tank for flushing, and the sealing flushing water in the tank can be selected based on the operating conditions of the mechanical seal. This not only ensures the flushing and lubrication of the second mechanical seal but also removes the heat generated by the mechanical seal, further extending its service life.

Keyword:

Slurry Pump,The shaft seal type of the slurry pump